The lung’s very own scavenger cells, known as alveolar macrophages, are responsible for clearing it of attackers such as bacteria and viruses. Some are produced while we are still embryos and others from certain bone marrow cells later in our lives. While the cells from our mother’s womb help to preserve the tissue over the long term, those from our bone marrow combat inflammation and heal injuries to the pulmonary tissue. However, the extent to which the differing origins of these immune cells influences how they behave inside the lung is not yet clear.
New findings on the role of scavenger cells in the lung
Ana Ivonne Vazquez-Armendariz and Jan Hasenauer, both holders of an Excellence Professorship at the University of Bonn, are now devising new models to examine the behavior of alveolar macrophages more closely to try and find out whether the lung’s scavenger cells move around randomly or in a targeted way. To study this behavior, the researchers are creating a mathematical model based on experiments done using “mini” lungs from the laboratory. This involves obtaining scavenger cells from various sources and inserting them into special lung systems known as 3D organoids, which are made from stem cells grown in such a way as to imitate the structure and function of a human organ. Hasenauer and Vazquez-Armendariz are using state-of-the-art imaging techniques to track the movements of the cells within these organoids and investigating them using their mathematical model. In the long term, their findings could help unlock a better understanding of the defense mechanisms inside the lung.
The prize is worth up to €100,000 and this year was open to pairs of researchers who are members of the TRA Modelling and TRA Life and Health. The steering committees of the two TRAs came together to crown Jan Hasenauer and Ana Ivonne Vazquez-Armendariz as the winners after considering criteria such as innovativeness, transdisciplinarity, scientific quality and the applicants’ credentials as well as the potential for collaborative research offered by the project being proposed.
About the prizewinners
Ana Ivonne Vazquez-Armendariz studied clinical biochemistry at the University of Nuevo León in Mexico and molecular medicine at Charité in Berlin. She gained her doctorate from Justus Liebig University Giessen before going on to work as a postdoctoral researcher at the University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg. Vazquez-Armendariz established and headed up her first research unit at the University of Giessen’s Institute for Lung Health in 2021. She is continuing the work on lung organoids and disease modeling that she began there in her current position of Argelander Professor at the University of Bonn. Her research has already been published in a number of illustrious journals and has won multiple awards, including from the American Thoracic Society. Vazquez-Armendariz is a member of the TRA Life and Health and the ImmunoSensation2 Cluster of Excellence.
Jan Hasenauer studied technical cybernetics at the University of Stuttgart, where he earned a doctorate in engineering. After working at Helmholtz Munich and the Technical University of Munich, he became Professor of Mathematics and Life Sciences at the University of Bonn in 2017. Since 2022, he has held one of the illustrious Schlegel Professorships, established as part of the Excellence Strategy. Jan Hasenauer is a member of the TRAs Modelling and Life and Health and of the Hausdorff Center for Mathematics and ImmunoSensation2 Clusters of Excellence.